Introduction
to Linux:-
The defining
component of Linux is the operating system kernel first released 5 October 1991
by Linus Torvalds.
Linux was originally
developed as a free operating system for Intel x86-based personal computers.
It is a leading
operating system on servers and other big iron systems such as mainframe
computers and supercomputers.
Linux also runs on
embedded systems (devices where the operating system is typically built into
the firmware and highly tailored to the system)
such as mobile phones, tablet computers, network routers, televisions and video game consoles.
such as mobile phones, tablet computers, network routers, televisions and video game consoles.
The Android system in
wide use on mobile devices is built on the Linux kernel.
The development of
Linux is one of the most prominent examples of free and open source software
collaboration: the underlying source code may be used, modified, and
distributed—commercially or non-commercially
Some popular
mainstream Linux distributions include Debian (and its derivatives such as
Ubuntu and Linux Mint), Red Hat Enterprise Linux (and its derivatives such as
Fedora and CentOS), Mandriva/Mageia, openSUSE (and its commercial derivative
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server), and Arch Linux
Advantages
of Linux:-
Linux is free: Linux can be downloaded in its
entirety from the Internet completely for free. And freely available source
code in case you want to change the behavior of your system.
Linux is portable to any hardware platform
Linux is secure and versatile
The security model used in Linux is based on
the UNIX idea of security, which is known to be robust and of proven quality.
The Linux OS and most Linux applications have
very short debug-times
Because Linux has been developed and tested
by thousands of people, both errors and people to fix them are usually found
rather quickly. It sometimes happens that there are only a couple of hours
between discovery and fixing of a bug.
Limitations:
Linux is not very user friendly and confusing
for beginners
It is open source and free so some people
find it unreliable.
What is
GNU? Compare GCC complier with Turbo C compiler.
Established in 1984 by Richard Stallman, who
believes that software should be free from restrictions against copying or
modification in order to make better and efficient computer programs.
Stallman built the first free GNU C Compiler
in 1991.
gcc (The GNU Compiler Collection) is the
"GNU" C Compiler, and g++ is the "GNU C++ compiler
Difference
between GCC & TURBO C compiler :-
The Gcc compiler can
support multiple languages such as c,c++,Java,Fortran,Pascal etc Whereas in
turbo c cpmpiler,it doesn't support multiple languages.
GCC compiler is free software, whereas in turbo c compiler, it is not free
software.
The GCC compiler is a portable compiler; it runs on most platforms available
today...
Whereas in turbo c compiler, it is not a portable compiler.
Note:- For
program & example u can refer program done in lab session
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